The concept of democracy in general evaluation questionnaire is formed. Contains four parts, each containing a number of questions. The first component is a section on nationality and citizenship, rule of law, civil and political rights, economic and social rights. The second part of a free and fair elections, the democratic role of political parties, government efficiency and accountability, civilian control of army and police, minimizing corruption. The third part of the media in a democratic society, political participation, government responsiveness, decentralization. There is a fourth title on the international dimension of democracy, which involves issues of state autonomy from external control, and consistency with government policy for democracy abroad.
Current questionnaire sections according to the following questions.
Section 1: nation and identity
1.1 magnitude of the political nation and citizenship for all who live in the area? 1.2 How far are cultural differences acknowledged, and how well are minorities protected? 1.3 How much consensus on national boundaries and constitutional arrangements? 1.4 To what extent the constitutional and political arrangements enable major societal divisions to be moderated or reconciled? 1.5 How impartial and inclusive are the procedures for amending the Constitution?
Section 2: Legal and access to justice
2.1 What is the legal effect throughout the area? 2.2, to what extent are all public servants covered by the rule of law and transparent rules for the exercise of their functions? 2.3 How is the independent courts and the judiciary and the executive, and as free from all forms of interference? 2.4 How to ensure equity and access of citizens to justice, due process and redress in cases of maladministration? 2.5 To what extent is the criminal and penal observe due rules of impartial and equitable treatment in their activities? 2.6 How much public confidence in the justice system to ensure a fair and effective justice?
Section 3: Civil and Political Rights
3.1 How free are all people from physical violation of their person and fear of it? 3.2 How effective and equal is the protection of freedom of movement, expression, association and assembly? 3.3 How secure is the freedom of all to practice their religion, language or culture? 3.4 How free from harassment and intimidation are individuals and groups working to improve human rights?
Section 4: Economic and Social Rights
4.1 As regards access to employment and social security are available to all without discrimination? 4.2 How effective are the basic necessities of life guaranteed, including adequate food, shelter and clean water? 4.3 To what extent is the health protection in all areas and stages of life? 4.4 How extensive and inclusive is the right to education, including education about rights and responsibilities of citizenship? 4.5 How free are trade unions and other work-related associations to organize and represent its members' interests "? 4.6 How rigorous and transparent rules for corporate governance and how corporations are regulated effectively in the public interest?
Section 5: Free and fair elections
5.1 How far are appointed to governmental and legislative office determined popular competitive election, and how often elections lead to a change in the ruling party or the staff? 5.2 How inclusive and accessible to all citizens are registering and voting rules that are independent of government and party control, and how, without intimidation and abuse? 5.3 How fair are the procedures for registration of candidates and parties, and how much there is for them equal access to media and other forms of communication with voters? 5.4 How effective sample size of the electoral and party system allow the voters how their votes count the same way, and how closely the composition of the legislature and the executive reflect the choice of opportunities to do? 5.5 How far does the legislature reflect the social composition of the electorate? 5.6 What proportion of the votes of electors, and to what extent the election results accepted by all political forces in the country and outside?
Section 6: The democratic role of political parties
6.1 As the parties are able to freely create, recruit members and campaign for office? 6.2 How effective is the party system to create and maintain the current government? 6.3 is no resistance or non-governmental partners include the legislature and how they contribute effectively to the government's responsibility? 6.4 How fair and effective, the rules of party discipline in the legislature? 6.5 To what extent are the active party membership in organizations, and to what extent they are able to influence the members of political parties and candidate selection? 6.6 How far have the financing system by preventing the subordination of interest groups? 6.7 To what extent during the ethnic, religious and linguistic differences?
Section 7: Government Efficiency and Accountability
7.1 How far is the elected government in a position to influence or control over the issues that are important in the life of its inhabitants, and how well informed, organized and financed it? 7.2 How much public confidence is in the efficiency of government and its political leadership? 7.3 How effective and open to scrutiny is the control exercised by elected leaders and their ministers over their administrative staff and other executive agencies? 7.4 How extensive and effective are the powers of the legislature to initiate, Scrutinizer and amend legislation? 7.5 How extensive and effective are the powers of the legislative, executive Scrutinizer and hold it to account? 7.6 How are strict procedures for approval and oversight of taxation and public expenditure? 7.7 How extensive and effective legislation to give citizens a right of access to public information?
Section 8: civilian control over the armed forces and police
8.1 How effective is civilian control over armed forces and is free of political life from military involvement? 8.2 How publicly accountable are the police and security services for their activities? 8.3 What is the composition of the army, police and intelligence services reflects the social composition of society as a whole? 8.4 What is an open country of the use of paramilitary units, private armies and warlords and criminal mafias?
§ 9: Minimizing Corruption
9.1 How effective is the separation of public office for personal business and family interests of officials? 9.2 How effective are the measures to protect officers and the public from engaging in corruption? 9.3 To what extent the rules and procedures for financing elections, candidates and elected representatives prevent their subordination special interests? 9.4 How far is the influence of powerful corporations and business interests over public policy held in check, and freedom of being involved in corruption, including foreign to them? 9.5 How much do you trust the people that public officials and public services are free of corruption?
§ 10: The media in a democratic society
10.1 How is the independent media from the government, how pluralistic is their ownership, and how free from subordination to foreign governments and transnational corporations? 10.2 As with the media from different viewpoints and how they are accessible to different parts of society? 10.3 How effective are the media and other independent bodies in investigating government and powerful corporations? 10.4 How free are journalists from restrictive laws, harassment and intimidation? 10.5 How free are private citizens from intrusion and harassment by the media?
§ 11: Participation in political life
11.1 is a wide range of charities, civic groups, social movements, etc., and how they are independent of government? 11.2 extensive citizen involvement in voluntary associations and self-management organizations and other voluntary public activity? 11.3 How far women's participation in politics and public functions at all levels? 11.4 How equal access for all social groups to public office, and fairly represented in it?
§ 12: The Government's response
12.1 How open and systematic procedures for public consultation on government policy and legislation, and how equal access to relevant interests in government? 12.2 How accessible are elected representatives to their voters? 12.3 How accessible and reliable public services for those who need it and how systematic consultation with users in the provision of services? 12.4 How much do you trust people in government's ability to address major societal challenges, and in their own ability to influence it?
§ 13: Decentralization
13.1 What is an independent sub-central levels of government from the center and how far it must have the powers and resources to meet their obligations? 13.2 How far are these levels of government are covered by free and fair elections and allow the criteria for openness, accountability and responsiveness to their operation? 13.3 How extensive is the cooperation with the government at the local level, mostly with relevant partners, associations and communities in developing and implementing policies and delivering services?
Section 14: International Dimensions of Democracy
14.1 Where is the government free the country from subordination to external agencies, economic, cultural or political? 14.2 Regarding the relationship between government and external donors and international institutions based on principles of partnership and transparency? 14.3 How far can the state support from the UN on human rights and respect for international law? 14.4 How far has the government to respect its international obligations in its treatment of refugees and asylum seekers, and how, without arbitrary discrimination is its immigration policy? 14.5 To comply with the Government on its support for human rights and democracy abroad?
The answer to all these issues mentioned above are prepared in accordance with the five-point scale from very high to very low, high, middle or ambiguous, and little in between.
Criteria, according to these points, they are not mentioned because they are assigned by country experts in their own criteria.
Evaluation method is now tested in eight pilot countries and was published in 2001. The pilot study covered Bangladesh, El Salvador, Italy, Kenya, South Korea, Malawi, New Zealand and Peru. The pilot project is simply to assess the usefulness of the method in different countries and can not be a pilot project in a broader research. To develop methods for evaluating democracy is only a tool that can be for people interested in democracy score.
The possibility of democracy under the above evaluation method is available on the IDEA project, "Democracy" website, but the largest number of simultaneous trials was led away from the second group of questions.
Current questionnaire sections according to the following questions.
Section 1: nation and identity
1.1 magnitude of the political nation and citizenship for all who live in the area? 1.2 How far are cultural differences acknowledged, and how well are minorities protected? 1.3 How much consensus on national boundaries and constitutional arrangements? 1.4 To what extent the constitutional and political arrangements enable major societal divisions to be moderated or reconciled? 1.5 How impartial and inclusive are the procedures for amending the Constitution?
Section 2: Legal and access to justice
2.1 What is the legal effect throughout the area? 2.2, to what extent are all public servants covered by the rule of law and transparent rules for the exercise of their functions? 2.3 How is the independent courts and the judiciary and the executive, and as free from all forms of interference? 2.4 How to ensure equity and access of citizens to justice, due process and redress in cases of maladministration? 2.5 To what extent is the criminal and penal observe due rules of impartial and equitable treatment in their activities? 2.6 How much public confidence in the justice system to ensure a fair and effective justice?
Section 3: Civil and Political Rights
3.1 How free are all people from physical violation of their person and fear of it? 3.2 How effective and equal is the protection of freedom of movement, expression, association and assembly? 3.3 How secure is the freedom of all to practice their religion, language or culture? 3.4 How free from harassment and intimidation are individuals and groups working to improve human rights?
Section 4: Economic and Social Rights
4.1 As regards access to employment and social security are available to all without discrimination? 4.2 How effective are the basic necessities of life guaranteed, including adequate food, shelter and clean water? 4.3 To what extent is the health protection in all areas and stages of life? 4.4 How extensive and inclusive is the right to education, including education about rights and responsibilities of citizenship? 4.5 How free are trade unions and other work-related associations to organize and represent its members' interests "? 4.6 How rigorous and transparent rules for corporate governance and how corporations are regulated effectively in the public interest?
Section 5: Free and fair elections
5.1 How far are appointed to governmental and legislative office determined popular competitive election, and how often elections lead to a change in the ruling party or the staff? 5.2 How inclusive and accessible to all citizens are registering and voting rules that are independent of government and party control, and how, without intimidation and abuse? 5.3 How fair are the procedures for registration of candidates and parties, and how much there is for them equal access to media and other forms of communication with voters? 5.4 How effective sample size of the electoral and party system allow the voters how their votes count the same way, and how closely the composition of the legislature and the executive reflect the choice of opportunities to do? 5.5 How far does the legislature reflect the social composition of the electorate? 5.6 What proportion of the votes of electors, and to what extent the election results accepted by all political forces in the country and outside?
Section 6: The democratic role of political parties
6.1 As the parties are able to freely create, recruit members and campaign for office? 6.2 How effective is the party system to create and maintain the current government? 6.3 is no resistance or non-governmental partners include the legislature and how they contribute effectively to the government's responsibility? 6.4 How fair and effective, the rules of party discipline in the legislature? 6.5 To what extent are the active party membership in organizations, and to what extent they are able to influence the members of political parties and candidate selection? 6.6 How far have the financing system by preventing the subordination of interest groups? 6.7 To what extent during the ethnic, religious and linguistic differences?
Section 7: Government Efficiency and Accountability
7.1 How far is the elected government in a position to influence or control over the issues that are important in the life of its inhabitants, and how well informed, organized and financed it? 7.2 How much public confidence is in the efficiency of government and its political leadership? 7.3 How effective and open to scrutiny is the control exercised by elected leaders and their ministers over their administrative staff and other executive agencies? 7.4 How extensive and effective are the powers of the legislature to initiate, Scrutinizer and amend legislation? 7.5 How extensive and effective are the powers of the legislative, executive Scrutinizer and hold it to account? 7.6 How are strict procedures for approval and oversight of taxation and public expenditure? 7.7 How extensive and effective legislation to give citizens a right of access to public information?
Section 8: civilian control over the armed forces and police
8.1 How effective is civilian control over armed forces and is free of political life from military involvement? 8.2 How publicly accountable are the police and security services for their activities? 8.3 What is the composition of the army, police and intelligence services reflects the social composition of society as a whole? 8.4 What is an open country of the use of paramilitary units, private armies and warlords and criminal mafias?
§ 9: Minimizing Corruption
9.1 How effective is the separation of public office for personal business and family interests of officials? 9.2 How effective are the measures to protect officers and the public from engaging in corruption? 9.3 To what extent the rules and procedures for financing elections, candidates and elected representatives prevent their subordination special interests? 9.4 How far is the influence of powerful corporations and business interests over public policy held in check, and freedom of being involved in corruption, including foreign to them? 9.5 How much do you trust the people that public officials and public services are free of corruption?
§ 10: The media in a democratic society
10.1 How is the independent media from the government, how pluralistic is their ownership, and how free from subordination to foreign governments and transnational corporations? 10.2 As with the media from different viewpoints and how they are accessible to different parts of society? 10.3 How effective are the media and other independent bodies in investigating government and powerful corporations? 10.4 How free are journalists from restrictive laws, harassment and intimidation? 10.5 How free are private citizens from intrusion and harassment by the media?
§ 11: Participation in political life
11.1 is a wide range of charities, civic groups, social movements, etc., and how they are independent of government? 11.2 extensive citizen involvement in voluntary associations and self-management organizations and other voluntary public activity? 11.3 How far women's participation in politics and public functions at all levels? 11.4 How equal access for all social groups to public office, and fairly represented in it?
§ 12: The Government's response
12.1 How open and systematic procedures for public consultation on government policy and legislation, and how equal access to relevant interests in government? 12.2 How accessible are elected representatives to their voters? 12.3 How accessible and reliable public services for those who need it and how systematic consultation with users in the provision of services? 12.4 How much do you trust people in government's ability to address major societal challenges, and in their own ability to influence it?
§ 13: Decentralization
13.1 What is an independent sub-central levels of government from the center and how far it must have the powers and resources to meet their obligations? 13.2 How far are these levels of government are covered by free and fair elections and allow the criteria for openness, accountability and responsiveness to their operation? 13.3 How extensive is the cooperation with the government at the local level, mostly with relevant partners, associations and communities in developing and implementing policies and delivering services?
Section 14: International Dimensions of Democracy
14.1 Where is the government free the country from subordination to external agencies, economic, cultural or political? 14.2 Regarding the relationship between government and external donors and international institutions based on principles of partnership and transparency? 14.3 How far can the state support from the UN on human rights and respect for international law? 14.4 How far has the government to respect its international obligations in its treatment of refugees and asylum seekers, and how, without arbitrary discrimination is its immigration policy? 14.5 To comply with the Government on its support for human rights and democracy abroad?
The answer to all these issues mentioned above are prepared in accordance with the five-point scale from very high to very low, high, middle or ambiguous, and little in between.
Criteria, according to these points, they are not mentioned because they are assigned by country experts in their own criteria.
Evaluation method is now tested in eight pilot countries and was published in 2001. The pilot study covered Bangladesh, El Salvador, Italy, Kenya, South Korea, Malawi, New Zealand and Peru. The pilot project is simply to assess the usefulness of the method in different countries and can not be a pilot project in a broader research. To develop methods for evaluating democracy is only a tool that can be for people interested in democracy score.
The possibility of democracy under the above evaluation method is available on the IDEA project, "Democracy" website, but the largest number of simultaneous trials was led away from the second group of questions.
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